Laminated lamp construction



July 19, 1932. J. F. SCHMIDT 1,368,259

LAMINATED LAMP CONSTRUCTION Filed May 29, 1930 W mu Patented July 19,1932 I V UNITED STA TES PATENT-1 JOHN F. sormin'r, onoiNcr NA'r oK o,ssIeNon r THEcom mmnown'm a;'

,ooinrnNY on CINCINNATI, onro, A conrona'rio or" on of n MINA'rEn LAMPCONSTRUCTION Application filed may a9, 1930. Serial No. 457,410.

This invention relates to an improvement in the construction orformation of lamp refiectors and bodies and has for an obje'ct'toproduce a cheaper construction thanhas been 7 producedheretofore-without in any manner "sacrificing beauty, strength, or easeof manufacture. Y i i I V In fact, an object of my invention is to soconstruct la-mp bodies and reflectors that a material gain is made inthe actual strength of such elements and a corresponding gain made inthe character of the finished surface of the lamp elements.

I accomplish the objects which have been set forth, by laminatingconstruction, which,

"generally speakin is not broadly new. I am well aware that the idea oflaminating lamp body andreflector elements,'.has been practiced to amore or less degree commercially, heretofore,and that such attempts ashave'been made along this line, have resulted to an immaterial degree inattaining the economical results whichhad been hoped for them. Hence, Ido not attempt to attain results such as havebeen describedherein,except in the specific manner I will set forth and which theappended claims specifically relate.

In the drawing which I have chosen as illustrative of the ideas Idescribe herein I have illustrated forms of lamp elements in somewhatembricnic, generic or diagram body constructed in accordance with my in-Fig. 5 is a vention. 1 v V a rear elevation, of the lamp body ShQWnlnEilg.4:.-;"-H I 'tance connected with my invention.

of the reflector 6 is a front elevation the lainp body shown'in Fig.4. 7i

Fig. 7 is arear elevation of the lamp body or core lamina. As exemplaryofthe lnvention I have shown in Fig. 4, with the outer lamina of metalremoved in order to disclose the inner "g made, I have chosen to refer,by way of the most commonly used of metals for lamp 6011- V structionpurposes: to steel and brass. Inig order that these metals may be mosteasily recognized in the various views of thedrawing; I have shown allbrasslaminae by vertishownby horizontal shadelines. it

In such a structure as the exemplary refiector shown in Figs. 1, 2 and3, therehave been'shown but two lamina. The'outside cal shadelines,while'steel laminae have been lamina which is of steel, as shownby hori-;

zontal lines inFig. 3, is preferably much' thicker than the inner laminafwhich, as

thought of V the relative thicknesses of these shown in Figs. land 2, isofbrass. "The laminae is conveyed" by the metalthickneiss sections shownin Fig. 1, as well asinthe' distances between the concentric circles inF 1g. 2, but, in no'manner is this intended-to featuref s Now, there isanother feature ofimporshow actual or even approximaterelativedifierences, being merely intended to renderiny.

invention morefclea'rly understoodas to thisg I consists inso'assemblingj the laminae of my invention that the grain 'of the metaloccu piesierossed relation to each other. The purpose of such a crossedassembly of laminae is two-fold. First,rthe crossing of the'jlaminaeproduces a strengthening effect on the entire vreflector, which rendersit less liableto become distorted throughwarpage of its re- 7 flectorfrom circular toelliptical shape; Sec- V 0nd,- the-crossing of thesuperposed laminae with each other,;produces animproved'an'd -smootheroptical effect because the grain lines in the thin inner lamina aresupported, with better'results, against the formation of-w'ave lines inthe finished or 'reflectingsurface of y the inner lamina, as 'wouldcreate'spotty,

f 1 as i ssio n, between the Elam-into, I contemplate ithe I plisliingthis result.

thickness which is less than that *Dfgl'illfi outer lamina..ilhissst'atement mayibei'amplifiedror enlarged upon to develop anotherfeature of my invention. This consists 1n descr blng-precise'iftliickness 'which Tfha ve found to be necessary to'anenibodiment'oi inven? tion, Briefly, but comprehensively stated, thethickness of the lamina'whi ch 'is the l highly finished orreflecting-agency, must lee such as, when drawn, pr essed or spun intorlianiinated :nelaitiun, neither tear] inor buckle. gpart rodimy:invention, it I-i-s 'rwellzto point out tthat :inpthe arse 10f {diflerent nnetals the zthidk- ;ness of the nnetal" :of the lamina which"is to '1 be used for the highly finishedirefle'ctiiig 'surifaLGB willmahurally uary. Thisisoccasioned ihecause asome' metals thaw .unuch morereadily than others without tearing :or ebu'ckling, .ias wellzas becausesoniezmetals are :much :softer than others {and ihaveless :structurethan-others. in other fWQi'dS,-.itl1e ;purpose of such -;a provisioninventionis to Qroyide 1a :larnina -of'nmetal :for high surface finishpunn'oses, which willsheasithinras possible to permit of'spilming,drawing or pressing within or,- over the 'heayier metal :shell withoutdanger of.=tearing,and yetnot so-thick :as would resnlt in a bucklingofzthe mietal thereof, with .a consequent-distortion of lightheam'ipattern and other trouble such .as would be occasioned whenclosely nelated laminae :are ,causedwto.separate because of Jack ofadhesion between them,

.111v connection with this feature at adhemetension of the laminatei-inqiproperly-nssems h'lecl relation, inwarious Ways. .I {have found.thatizthere are yar-ious ways of realising :the' adhesion 20f theflaminze, among which .may

I w th the consequent expenditurenof u'nuch' renbe mentioned cementing,electrolytic adhesion, plating, amalgamation, or the union produced "by!curling the eclges, piercing, crimping .or otherwise mechanically accom-In any event, .such means of adhesion as .may .be employed, is sub ect,to some extent, to the thinness "of the :metal of the highly T'finis'hed*laniina, as well .as,

use, it being carried ."in "mind that one of the-desirable features ofmyinvention isrto produce-as 'c'he'ap a stru'c'ture as possible Ebyfflheuseof as' thin a lamina as is practical ifor lthe .ihighly finishedsurface of the struc- 7 -isstnucture .as is contemplated ib'y fine-inthe With this c0mprehension"of zthis' trappediand is-quite likely -torresult in burned the physical character1st1cs "governing the manner ofto the point of opening the grain and causbuilding of a lamp whichemploys a body and reflector of one piece, in which the inside sur- 7face ishighly finished for reflecting purposes,

stand Weather conditions, are attained in such .a laminated lsingleshellconstruction. This lamp is producedbyproviding a laminated structurehaving a :relatively thick :core of steel. [or {other "inexpensiil'e:nret'al, which is covered, .bothiirside :and outside, with.relavtiarely (thin metal lami=nae which are rweath'er zresistantvaindcapable 'ofareeeiving the .high finish required ofga reflectingsurfaceaswell as an exterior surface of beauty. Figs; 4,5 :and 6 showitha't theinner and outeri'l'aminae iOfFElllCll 1a--la1np-iconstruction are of thehigher -xvalue :metahwhile Figjflgwhich is a rear ielego VilliiOIl and-sh'o.ws the outer lamina removed,- :show-s the core i to be .ofztheiless expensive and stronger core metal.

19f course, in :as :much .as'uthe illustrated (disclosure ismerelyiintended to .be -.exem-;

.plary, :for the apurposes of setting forth the "principlesofimyinuention as above described, I 1 ihave :not gone zlnto :ai-idescrlption of ,such

"details as TlJllB commonly employed doors or closures, with theirattendant :attachments,; xfastening :devices, lanrp bulb mountings,foousing devices, lorackets et'c. V-

. Among the advantages of my construcs ;t-ion,..=several .of which havebeen mentioned :alooare, :thereis ;a..=rnarked improvement ob-5 5itained zthrongh :the effect produced in therapid:ra'diation'rofiheatfromaaElam-p so constructedJ This isof m'arkedadvantage'jin nuchiamps as .:are used for flood lighting,

where .-a powerful light .beam is employed;

.erg'y WZhich iis .dissi'patedin the form of heat.

:flood lampszempioying an air ;spac'e* beztween therbody shell-andreflector, this heat is .3115 insulation was well as destruction of the-sur-' "face finish of the reflector and body through discoloration andpeeling. v L

V I have mentioned the tearinglrof thesurface metal laminae should thegauge of the 1120 metal'be too thin .to prevent this damage. It

i'sno't only tearin'g that is tobe avoided but i also the possibility ofstretching. the metal ing it to break down by bec0mingporousto itilrpoint Whereit isnot possible to produce a beautiful *andcpticallyperfect surface" finish. Therefore, it is essential that the thin- ;nessof the metal ofethe' surface-laminae be i such that this considerationofsg'rai-n struc-"- I80 low laminated structure having a core and a.

ture enlargement be considered as well as that of metal tearing.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: a

1. A lamp construction comprising a holthinner lamina, the grain of thelaminae being crossed relatively to each other.

2. A lamp construction comprising, a hollow laminated structure having acore of relatively still material, and a thinner lamina of more ductilematerial, the grain of the laminae being crossed relatively toea'chother. 7

3. A lamp construction comprising a hollow laminated structure having acore of relatively stiff material, and a lamina of thinner andrelatively more ductile material, the grain of the laminae being crossedrelatively to each other, with the thickness of the thinner lamina suchthat it will neither tear nor buckle when drawn, pressed or spun intoposition with the first mentioned laminai 4. A laminated lamp structurecomprisj ing a core and thinner laminae covering the core surfaces, thegrain of the laminae crossing each other. a Q

5. A laminated lamp structure comprising a core of relatively stifimetal, and thinner laminae of more ductile metal coverin the coresurfaces, the grain of the laminae eing crossed relatively to eachother.

6. A laminated lamp structure having a core of relatively stifl' metal,and laminae of thinner and relatively more ductile metal covering thecore surfaces, the grain of the laminae being crossed relatively to eachother, with the surface laminae'of such thickness that they will neithertear nor buckle when drawn, pressed or spun into position with the firstmentioned lamina.

7. A laminated lamp structure having a core of relatively stiff metal,and laminae of thinner and relatively more ductile metal covering thecore surfaces, the grain'of the laminae being crossed relatively to eachother, with the thickness of the thinner laminae such that they willneither tear nor buckle when drawn, pressed or spun into position i withthe first mentioned lamina.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my

